Android复杂类型传递

  1. Serilziable

    把需要传递的类实现Serilziable接口

  2. Parceable

    把需要传递的类实现Parceable接口

UserInfo.java

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package com.example.inter;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class UserInfo implements Serializable {
    public String UserName;
    public int age;
    public int gender;
    public String address;
}

Order.java

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package com.example.inter;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

public class Order implements Parcelable {
    public String address;
    public boolean isReceived;
    public int count;

    public Order() {
    }

    protected Order(Parcel in) {
        address = in.readString();
        count = in.readInt();
        boolean[] booleans = new boolean[1];
        in.readBooleanArray(booleans);
        isReceived = booleans[0];

    }

    public static final Creator<Order> CREATOR = new Creator<Order>() {
        @Override
        public Order createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
            return new Order(in);
        }

        @Override
        public Order[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Order[size];
        }
    };

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeString(address);
        dest.writeInt(count);
        dest.writeBooleanArray(new boolean[]{isReceived});
    }
}

MainActivity.java

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package com.example.inter;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,InterActivity.class);
                //复杂类型数据传递-Serializable
//                UserInfo userInfo= new UserInfo();
//                userInfo.UserName = "ala";
//                userInfo.address = "dalian";
//                userInfo.age = 18;
//                userInfo.gender = 1;
//                intent.putExtra("UserInfo",userInfo);
                //复杂类型数据传递-Parcelable
                Order order = new Order();
                order.address = "samaolu";
                order.count = 18;
                order.isReceived = false;
                intent.putExtra("order",order);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

InterActivity.java

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package com.example.inter;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;

import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class InterActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.inter_layout);
        //获取组件对象
        TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text1);
        TextView int1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.int1);
        //复杂类型数据获取-Serializable
//        Intent intent = getIntent();
//        UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo) intent.getSerializableExtra("UserInfo");
//        textView.setText(userInfo.UserName+","+userInfo.age+","+userInfo.gender+","+userInfo.address);
        //复杂类型数据获取-Parcelable
        Order order = getIntent().getParcelableExtra("order");
        textView.setText(order.address+","+order.isReceived+","+order.count);
    }
}

Activity数据回传

  1. startActivityForResult(intent)
  2. onActivityResult

activity_main.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="带参数传递"
        />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/result"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

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package com.example.inter;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,InterActivity.class);
                //数据回显
                startActivityForResult(intent,100);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        TextView textView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result);
        String databe = data.getStringExtra("back");
        textView1.setText(databe);

    }
}

InterActivity.java

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package com.example.inter;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;

import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class InterActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.inter_layout);
        //数据回显
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.putExtra("back","bcseazd");
        setResult(RESULT_OK,intent);
    }
}

启动系统的Activity组件

拨打电话

inter.setAction(Intent.ACTION_DIAL);

发送短信

inter.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);

打开相机

inter.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_CAPTURE);

activity_main.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/phone"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="拨打电话"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/sendto"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送短信"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/capture"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="打开相机"/>

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

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package com.example.interactivity;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button phone = (Button) findViewById(R.id.phone);
        Button sendto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.sendto);
        Button capture = findViewById(R.id.capture);

        phone.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_DIAL);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
        sendto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:"+"15525510329");
                intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
                intent.setData(uri);
                intent.putExtra("sms_body","这里可以填写短信内容");
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
        capture.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.interactivity">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.MApplication">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

隐式调用的意图过滤中的data匹配和type匹配

data匹配的4个规则

  1. 如果Intent没有指定Data相关的字段，只能匹配上没有指定Data的intentfilter；
  2. 如果一个intent只指定了URI没有指定tape（并且type也不能从URI中分析出），只能匹配到仅指定了相应Scheme且没有指定type的intentfilter。
  3. 如果一个intent只指定了type而没有指定URI，它只能匹配到只指定了相应Type且没有指定Scheme的intentfilter；
  4. 如果一个intent既有URI也有type，会匹配上：
    1. URI和type都匹配的intentfilter
    2. 首先type要匹配，另外如果intent的URI是content:或file，且intentfilter没有指定scheme时就会匹配

URI：通用资源标志符。URI代表要操作的数据，Android上可用的每种资源-图像、视频片段等都可以用URI来表示。

URI一般由三部分组成：访问资源的命名机制、存放资源的主机名、资源自身的名称，由路径表示。

URI与URL的区别：

URI与URL都是定位资源位置的，URI是一种更广的定义，URL是URI的一个子集，就是说URL是URI的一部分。

URL是可以直接操作的，但URI不行。